• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Building element (1) made of plaster, characterized in that its composition consists at least of plaster mixed with expanded clay granules (5), and takes the form of a building block, a footrest (1 ') for interior walls, a plasterboard board (20, 20'), a decorative frame or a mortar that can be used as plaster or as filling for a double-walled wall. The building elements made of expanded clay granules gypsum (5) show very good thermal and acoustic insulating and absorbing properties, and are lighter and easier to process than the traditional building elements made of plaster.
    公开号:BE1022783B1
    申请号:E2015/5162
    申请日:2015-03-19
    公开日:2016-09-02
    发明作者:Albert Christiaan R JAAMANN；Yannick Madeleine B JAAMANN
    申请人:Albert Christiaan R JAAMANN；Yannick Madeleine B JAAMANN；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Building element for constructions.
    The present invention relates to a building element for structures.
    More specifically, the invention is intended for the construction of interior separating non-load-bearing walls in homes or for the construction of walls that are not exposed to atmospheric influences and also for the finishing of walls or ceilings with plasterboard.
    It is known that for building walls or partitions in houses lighter materials are used than traditional bricks or high-speed building blocks,
    It is already known to use building blocks that are larger than bricks but have only a limited thickness, so that with a small number of building blocks a larger surface area of a separating wall can be constructed.
    To keep the larger building blocks manageable, they are made of materials that are lighter than traditional bricks, such as aerated concrete.
    Building blocks from plaster are also known, which allow you to quickly build a wall or supporting wall in an interior and are also suitable for direct filling with plaster or tiling with wall tiles.
    Building blocks made of plaster have the disadvantage that they have no hollow spaces and are therefore relatively heavy for their volume.
    Another disadvantage of the absence of cavities in gypsum blocks is that they are therefore less suitable for thermally insulating or acoustically absorbing or insulating partitions.
    It is also known to use plasterboard plates which have only a limited thickness, so that with one plasterboard plate a large surface of a separating wall, a wall or a ceiling can be finished.
    The thickness of the gypsum board is kept limited to keep its weight manageable, since gypsum is a fairly heavy building material.
    Another drawback of gypsum cardboard plates is the absence of cavities in the gypsum, making them less suitable for thermally insulating or acoustically absorbing or insulating partitions or wall coverings.
    To remedy this, there are plasterboard sheets on the market that are provided with an extra layer of a thermally insulating or acoustically absorbent or insulating material, which makes the material not only more expensive, but also more difficult to cut and process.
    Other building elements are known from pure plaster, such as decorative moldings or piece-work for finishing ceilings, for example, or for applying decorations.
    These building elements are also quite heavy and therefore difficult to attach to ceilings. Sometimes these building elements are replaced by plastic foam elements to save weight, but these elements lack the strength of a plaster building element.
    The present invention has for its object to provide a solution to the aforementioned and other disadvantages in that it provides a plaster component, characterized in that its composition consists at least of plaster mixed with expanded clay granules.
    An advantage of building elements with such a composition is that they are considerably lighter in weight than building elements without expanded clay granules, which promotes their workability.
    Another advantage of building elements with such a composition is that they are thermally much better insulating than building elements made of pure plaster, because of the empty spaces that are built into the building element. Moreover, building elements with such a composition also have fire-resistant properties.
    It is also advantageous that building elements with such a composition are easier to saw or cut than building elements made of pure plaster, which promotes their workability.
    Preferably, the composition of the building element comprises at least 10 volume% expanded clay granules, or at least 25 volume% or even more at least 50 volume% or more preferably at least 75 volume% expanded clay granules.
    An advantage of these different proportions of expanded clay granules in the volume of the building block is that it allows the thermal or acoustic insulation value to be adjusted to the desired level or the weight to be adjusted to the desired level.
    Preferably, the specific gravity of the building element is less than 1.5 kg / dm3, or less than 1.1 kg / dm3, or even less than 1.0 kg / dm3, whereby the building element can be lighter than water and whereby the workability of the building element is improved.
    The surface of the building element is preferably provided with a surface relief to promote the adhesion of plaster or tiling on the building element. The relief promotes the adhesion of plaster or glue when occupying or tiling an erected wall, for example, consisting of building blocks as a building element.
    The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a building element consisting of plaster and expanded clay granules, characterized in that it consists of the following steps: - mixing dry gypsum powder with water, and stirring up the knit formed to the desired fluidity; - mixing expanded clay granules with a diameter of 0.1 to 10 mm with a transparent primer consisting of an alkali-resistant, virtually unsaponifiable, water-based synthetic resin dispersion with a very fine particle size and subsequently drying the clay granules provided with this primer; - adding a desired amount of dry expanded clay pellets primed to the gypsum and water mixture and homogeneously distributing the clay pellets over the mixture; - pouring the mixture of plaster and primed coated expanded clay granules into a mold with the desired dimensions of the building element to be formed; - allowing the mixture of gypsum and expanded clay granules to cure; - removing the mold to release the molded building element and to store it in a space protected from atmospheric influences.
    The invention also relates to the use of building blocks from plaster and expanded clay granules for building walls and walls by placing the building blocks on top of each other and bonding them together by means of an adhesive or a mortar between the contact surfaces of the component blocks.
    The building blocks made of plaster and expanded clay granules can optionally be provided with mutually fitting tongue and groove edges, with which the building blocks are held together.
    An advantage of such building blocks is that they can already be attached to each other by accumulation.
    The invention also relates to the use of gypsum cardboard plates from gypsum and expanded clay pellets for finishing walls and walls or for covering ceilings.
    An advantage of such drywall boards is that they weigh less and are easier to process for the same thickness.
    Another advantage of such gypsum board is that they are already thermally insulating and acoustically absorbent and insulating and do not require additional additional layers of other materials to obtain the desired insulating properties.
    With the insight to better demonstrate the features of the invention, a few preferred embodiments of a building element according to the invention are described below as an example without any limiting character, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 shows diagrammatically and in perspective a building block according to the invention; figure 2 represents a section of figure 1 along the line II-II; figure 3 represents a section of building blocks according to the invention with tongue and groove edges; figure 4 represents a section of a building block according to the invention built into the floor insulation and screed; figure 5 shows figure 4 but now provided with a built-up partition wall of plasterboard plates according to the invention; figure 6 shows figure 5 but now provided with a base profile with pan lath or rubber band for the plasterboard wall.
    Figure 1 shows in perspective a building block 1. according to the invention, with side edges 2 with a thickness (D) of, for example, 10 cm and with a front surface 3 and rear surface 4 of, for example, 50 x 60 cm. The building block 1 consists of plaster mixed with expanded clay particles 5.
    Figure 2 shows a cross-section 6 of figure 1 along line II-II, on which the cavities of the cut-out expanded clay particles 5 surrounded by plaster can be seen.
    Figure 3 shows a cross-section 7 of three building blocks 8, 9, 10 according to the invention, the edges of which fit into each other because they are provided with a tooth 11 and groove 12 system, with which the three blocks fit 8, 9, 10 together can be moved.
    Figure 4 shows a cross section of a building block 1 according to the invention provided with a tooth 11, supported on a concrete floor plate 13 but separated from it by an acoustic foam tape 14, wherein the building block 1 forms a separation between the floor insulation 15, the screed 16 and the floor finish 17 of two adjacent rooms or spaces.
    Figure 5 shows a cross-section of the building block 1 in figure 4, supported by an acoustic foam tape 14, wherein an upright wall 18 is built on the building block 1, consisting of a frame 19 covered with gypsum cardboard plates 20, 20 'according to the invention on each side of the upright wall 18.
    Figure 6 shows a cross-section of the building block 1 in figure 5, wherein the building block 1 is provided with a ground profile 21 for mounting the upright frame 18 of the upright wall 17 of plasterboard sheets according to the invention. The ground profile rests on a wooden pan lath or rubber building 21.
    The use of building blocks as building element according to the invention composed of at least gypsum and expanded clay granules is very simple and as follows.
    The molded building blocks 1 after curing are stored in a dry and frost-free place, protected from atmospheric influences and are used on site for erecting partitions or walls that are not exposed to atmospheric conditions.
    Due to their limited weight, the blocks can easily be lifted manually and placed on top of each other, after applying glue or mortar to the edges, with which they remain attached to each other. After drying, the erected wall or wall can be occupied or tiled with a finish of your choice.
    Alternatively, the blocks can also be placed on top of each other by connecting them with a tongue and groove system. In this case, the edges of the building blocks have a groove 12 or a tooth 11, fitting into a tooth or groove of an adjacent building block. The edges can then, if desired, also be attached to each other by means of an adhesive or mortar.
    It is self-evident that still other embodiments of the building blocks according to the invention are possible. For example, the building blocks can also take other forms than those shown in the figures, or they can also be made in different colors, or in different degrees of thermal or acoustic insulation, or in different weight classes.
    The use of building blocks 1 according to the invention as an insulating footrest 1 'for upright walls 18 is very simple and as follows.
    After a floor plate 13 has been laid, for example by pouring concrete and allowing it to dry, an insulating footrest 1 'for each wall 18 to be erected is placed on the floor plate 13 between rooms or spaces in the home.
    To this end, an acoustic foam tape 14 is first applied to the floor plate 13, on which the footrest 1 'is placed in the form of blocks 1 of plaster fitted with plaster with expanded clay granules according to the invention,
    The blocks 1 used for the footrest are chosen higher than the distance between the floor plate 13 and the final floor finish 17, so that the footrest 1 'protrudes above the floor finish 17 and ensures good acoustic absorption and insulation, but also good thermal insulation between the floors of the two rooms that are separated from each other by the partition wall 18 to be erected. This prevents thermal or acoustic bridges between the two adjacent rooms.
    The partition wall 18, which is further erected on the footrest 1 ', may consist of even more of the same blocks 1 of plaster with expanded clay granules, wherein the insulating properties of the footrest 1' are extended over the entire wall, and after which the upright wall 18 can be finished by occupying or plastering on both sides.
    Alternatively, the dividing wall 18, which is further erected on the footrest 1 ', can also consist of a frame 19 coated on both sides with plasterboard plates 20, 20' according to the invention. In order to properly anchor the frame 19 on the footrest 1 ', a ground profile 21 can be provided on the footrest 1', which can rest on a wooden pan lath or a rubber building 21 provided for this purpose.
    The used plasterboard sheets made from gypsum with expanded clay corrugation according to the invention also ensure good thermal and acoustic insulation between the two adjacent spaces, and this without requiring additional coating with acoustic or thermally insulating material.
    It goes without saying that the gypsum board can be chosen from several thicknesses and filling percentages with expanded clay travels depending on the properties to be achieved.
    It is also self-evident that the plasterboard sheets according to the invention can also provide good fire-resistant properties and thermal and acoustic insulation values for ceilings that are coated with these plasterboard boards.
    The gypsum mixed with expanded clay corrugation according to the invention can also be used as a product per se, as a plaster for plastering walls or walls or as a molding for pouring screed floors or screed or for filling over double walls.
    The plastering or filling is in this case lighter than pure plaster, but also thermally and acoustically insulating.
    The present invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described by way of example and represented in the figures, but a building element of plaster and expanded clay granules according to the invention can be realized in all shapes and sizes without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    Conclusions. 1. “Building element (1) made of plaster, characterized in that its composition consists at least of plaster mixed with expanded clay granules (5). The plaster component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition comprises at least 10 volume% expanded clay pellets (5).
    [3]
    The plaster component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition comprises at least 25 volume% expanded clay pellets (5).
    [4]
    The plaster component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition comprises at least 50 volume% expanded clay pellets (5).
    [5]
    The plaster component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition comprises at least 75 volume% expanded clay pellets (5).
    [6]
    The plaster component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its specific weight is less than 1.5 kg / dm 3. Building element (1) from plaster according to claim 1, characterized in that its specific weight is less than 1.1 kg / dm 3.
    [8]
    The plaster component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its specific weight is less than 1.0 kg / dm 3.
    [9]
    The plaster building element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its surface is provided with a surface relief to promote the adhesion of plaster or tiling to the building element.
    [10]
    Method for manufacturing a building element (1) described in claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the following steps: - mixing dry gypsum powder with water, and stirring up the knit formed to the desired fluidity; - mixing expanded clay granules with a diameter of 0.1 to 10 mm with a transparent primer consisting of a water-resistant, virtually unsaponifiable, water-based synthetic resin dispersion with a very fine particle size and subsequently drying the primed clay granules; - adding a desired amount of dry expanded clay pellets primed to the gypsum and water mixture and homogeneously distributing the clay pellets over the mixture; - pouring the mixture of plaster and primed coated expanded clay granules into a mold with the desired dimensions of the building element to be formed; - allowing the mixture of gypsum and expanded clay granules to cure; - removing the mold to release the molded building element and to store it in a space protected from atmospheric influences.
    [11]
    Use of a building element described in claim 1, characterized in that the building element is a building block used for building walls and walls, by placing the building blocks on top of each other and bonding them together by means of an adhesive or a mortar between the contact surfaces of the component building blocks.
    [12]
    The building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the building element is a building block (1) which is provided with mutually fitting tongue (11) and groove edges (12), with which the building blocks are held together.
    [13]
    Use of a building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the building element is a building block (1) that is used for building a footrest (1 ') for a partition wall (18) to be erected between rooms or spaces in a dwelling, by placing such building blocks on the floor plate (13) of a dwelling.
    [14]
    Use of a building element according to claim 13, characterized in that the building blocks used are placed on an acoustic foam tape (14) in the form of mutually fitting building blocks on the foam tape (14) which is previously arranged on the floor plate (13). Use of a building element according to claim 13, characterized in that the building blocks used for the footrest (1 ') are higher than the distance between the floor plate (13) and the final floor finish (17), 2 so that the footrest ( 1 ') protrudes above the floor finish (17) for good thermal and acoustic insulation.
    [16]
    Use of a building element according to claim 13, characterized in that the partition wall (18) erected on the footrest (1 ') consists of even more of the same blocks (1) of plaster with expanded clay granules (5), the The insulating properties of the footrest (1 ') can be extended over the entire partition wall (18). Use of a building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the building element is a plasterboard board (20, 20 ') made of plaster with expanded clay granules (5).
    [18]
    Use of a building element according to claim 17, characterized in that the plasterboard (20, 20 ') is used to build a partition wall (18) on the footrest (1') described in claim 13, and this through a frame (19) to be coated on both sides with plasterboard plates (20, 20 ').
    [19]
    Use of a building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the building element is the plaster mixed with expanded clay granules itself, which is used as a product on its own, as a plaster for plastering walls or walls or as a casting specimen for casting cast floors or from screed or for filling double walls.
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    同族专利:
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    BE1022709A1|2016-08-22|
    BE1022709A9|2016-10-03|
    BE1022709B1|2016-08-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1075441A|1963-01-16|1967-07-12|W & C French Ltd|Improvements in pre-fabricated structural members for building purposes|
    CH441100A|1964-06-24|1967-07-31|Hunziker & Cie Ag|Process for the production of gypsum-containing structural parts and a structural part produced thereafter|
    FR1446498A|1965-06-12|1966-07-22|Further training in the manufacture of industrial panels for the building industry|
    NL7610478A|1975-09-23|1977-03-25|Rhone Poulenc Ind|PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURE OF NEW CELLULAR MATERIALS.|
    EP1580345A1|2002-10-31|2005-09-28|Méndez Montero, Yolanda|Construction brick or block|
    WO2008139180A1|2007-05-11|2008-11-20|Ceramic Gas Products Ltd|Method of forming an article|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE2015/5075|2015-02-11|
    BE20155075A|BE1022709A9|2015-02-11|2015-02-11|Building block for constructions|
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